Articles

TRANSFORMER

 

A transformer is electrical equipment that relocates electrical energy between two circuits. Two wire coils are wrapped around an iron core known as primary and secondary winding. The first coil is small and usually made up of large numbers of turns of coarse wire known as the primary winding and the second coil is made up of multiple turns of fine wire is the secondary winding.
When the electromagnetic field is changed, the alternating current in the primary winding produces a current in the secondary winding. The enameled magnet wire is ideal for winding in small transformers whereas huge power transformers use insulated copper rectangular strip conductors.
The transformer is a combination of two or more inductors which shares common magnetic path. When inductors magnetically are located close to each other, they function as a transformer.
Transformers are essential for all contemporary electronics equipments. However, there are very few devices that do not use them. Every transformer with a variety of loads has a definite size, design, construction and use. It is unusual that a transformer made for specific equipment can be used as an alternative purpose.
The domain of transformer is very vital in the field of various electronic applications with exceptionally important task of power distribution from the power station to roads, residential, industrial and commercial complexes with minimizing energy loss over long distances.
Transformers are essentially used to convert one voltage level to another. The process to increase the voltage is called "stepping up", while to decrease the voltage is called "stepping down". The majority electronic equipments need a transformer to lower the mains voltage to a compatible level.
Each kind of transformer has its own functional characteristics and usages in transferring voltage based on the appliance it is attached with. They are available in various types like electrical transformer, isolation transformer, power transformers, audio transformers, current transformer, high and low voltage transformers, step-up and step-down transformers for different purposes.